Intermediate Text

突然 (とつぜん)

(adj-na, adj-no, adv) abrupt, sudden, unexpected, all at once

お

(pref) honourable, honorable

手紙 (てがみ)

(n) letter

失礼 (しつれい)

(n, vs, adj-na) (1) discourtesy, impoliteness, (exp) (2) Excuse me, Goodbye, (vs) (3) to leave, (vs) (4) to be rude

する

(vs-i) to do, to try, to attempt, to execute, to play (game), to practice, to practise, to cost, to serve as, to pass, to elapse

Verb Plain Polite Form ( » More Info)

私 (わたくし)

(n, adj-no) I, myself, private affairs

言う (いう)

(v5u) (1) to say, (2) to call (i.e., to give a name)

Verb Plain Polite Form ( » More Info)

友人 (ゆうじん)

(n) friend

さん

(suf) Mr or Mrs

紹介 (しょうかい)

(n, vs) introduction, referral

お

(pref) honourable, honorable

手紙 (てがみ)

(n) letter

書く (かく)

(v5k, vt) to write

Verb te-form + いる ( » More Info)

1) A continuing action.
2) State of being.

Verb Plain Polite Form ( » More Info)

私 (わたくし)

(n, adj-no) I, myself, private affairs

今 (いま)

(n-adv, n) now, the present time, just now, soon, immediately, (one) more

カリフォルニア

(n) California

大学 (だいがく)

(n) (1) university, (2) the Great Learning - one of the Four Books

四 (よん)

(num) four

年生 (ねんせい)

(n) pupil in ... year, student in ... year

卒業 (そつぎょう)

(n, vs) (1) graduation, completion (e.g., of a course), (2) (col) outgrowing something, moving on

する

(vs-i) to do, to try, to attempt, to execute, to play (game), to practice, to practise, to cost, to serve as, to pass, to elapse

Verb Plain Past Form + ら ( » More Info)

1) Used to express an "if" condition.
2) Specifying an action that follows after the completion of something.

日本 (にほん)

(n) Japan

大学院 (だいがくいん)

(n) graduate school

国際政治 (こくさいせいじ)

(n) international (world) politics

勉強 (べんきょう)

(n, vs) (1) study, (2) diligence, (3) discount, reduction

する

(vs-i) to do, to try, to attempt, to execute, to play (game), to practice, to practise, to cost, to serve as, to pass, to elapse

Volitional Form + と思っている

Expresses that you are thinking about doing something.

Verb Plain Polite Form ( » More Info)

私 (わたくし)

(n, adj-no) I, myself, private affairs

専門 (せんもん)

(n) speciality, specialty, subject of study, expert

政治 (せいじ)

(n) politics, government

大学 (だいがく)

(n) (1) university, (2) the Great Learning - one of the Four Books

特に (とくに)

(adv) particularly, especially

アメリカ

(n) America

日本 (にほん)

(n) Japan

関係 (かんけい)

(n, vs) relation, connection

について

(exp) regarding, about

勉強 (べんきょう)

(n, vs) (1) study, (2) diligence, (3) discount, reduction

する

(vs-i) to do, to try, to attempt, to execute, to play (game), to practice, to practise, to cost, to serve as, to pass, to elapse

Verb Past Polite Form ( » More Info)

さん

(suf) Mr or Mrs

日本 (にほん)

(n) Japan

大学院 (だいがくいん)

(n) graduate school

電気工学 (でんきこうがく)

(n) electrical engineering

研究 (けんきゅう)

(n, vs) study, research, investigation

する

(vs-i) to do, to try, to attempt, to execute, to play (game), to practice, to practise, to cost, to serve as, to pass, to elapse

Verb te-form + いらっしゃる

This is an honorific that is equivalent to the verb te-form + いる pattern. It is used when showing respect for someone.

聞く (きく)

(v5k, vt) (1) to hear, (2) to listen (e.g., to music), (3) to ask, to enquire

Verb Past Polite Form ( » More Info)

日本 (にほん)

(n) Japan

大学院 (だいがくいん)

(n) graduate school

について

(exp) regarding, about

教える (おしえる)

(v1, vt) to teach, to inform, to instruct

Verb te-form + いただけないでしょうか

Making a request in a respectful way (often to a superior).

大学院 (だいがくいん)

(n) graduate school

入る (はいる)

(v5r) (1) to enter, (2) to break into, (3) to join, to enroll, (4) to contain, to hold, to accommodate, (5) to have (an income of)

前 (まえ)

(n-adv, n-t, suf) (1) before, in front, fore part, ago, previously, (2) head (of a line), (3) in the presence of, lady (so-and-so), (4) (five minutes) to, (5) helping, portion

日本語 (にほんご)

(n) Japanese (language)

試験 (しけん)

(n, vs) examination, test, study, trial

受ける (うける)

(v1, vt) to receive, to accept, to undertake, to take (lesson, test, damage), to undergo, to experience, to catch (e.g., a ball), to become popular

Verb Negative te-form + は + いけない ( » Info)

Expressing something that must be done.

聞く (きく)

(v5k, vt) (1) to hear, (2) to listen (e.g., to music), (3) to ask, to enquire

Verb Past Polite Form ( » More Info)

さん

(suf) Mr or Mrs

試験 (しけん)

(n, vs) examination, test, study, trial

ために

(exp) In order to, because of, for

どんな

(adj-pn) what, what kind of

勉強 (べんきょう)

(n, vs) (1) study, (2) diligence, (3) discount, reduction

なさる

(v5aru, vt) (hon) to do

Verb Past Polite Form ( » More Info)

また

(adv, conj, pref) again, and, also, still (doing something)

日本 (にほん)

(n) Japan

生活費 (せいかつひ)

(n) living expenses

高い (たかい)

(adj) (1) high, tall, (2) expensive

奨学金 (しょうがくきん)

(n) scholarship

申し込む (もうしこむ)

(v5m, vt) to apply for, to make an application, to propose (marriage), to offer (mediation), to make an overture (of peace), to challenge, to lodge (objections), to request (an interview), to subscribe for, to book, to reserve

Verb tai-form ( » More Info)

考える (かんがえる)

(v1, vt) to consider, to think about

Verb te-form + いる ( » More Info)

1) A continuing action.
2) State of being.

どう

(adv) how, in what way, how about

する

(vs-i) to do, to try, to attempt, to execute, to play (game), to practice, to practise, to cost, to serve as, to pass, to elapse

Verb Plain Past Form + ら ( » More Info)

1) Used to express an "if" condition.
2) Specifying an action that follows after the completion of something.

いい

(adj) (1) good, excellent, fine, nice, pleasant, agreeable, (2) sufficient (can be used to turn down an offer), ready, prepared, (3) profitable (e.g., deal, business offer, etc.), beneficial, (4) OK

もし

(adv) if, in case, supposing

奨学金 (しょうがくきん)

(n) scholarship

もらう

(v5u, vt) (1) to receive, to take, to accept, (2) to get somebody to do something (follows a verb in "te" form)

Potential form ( » More Info)

Expresses the ability to do something.

Verb Plain Past Negative Form + ら ( » Info)

1) Used to express an "if" condition.
2) Specifying an action that follows after the completion of something.

アルバイト

(n, vs) part-time job, side job

探す (さがす)

(v5s, vt) (1) to search (for something lost), to seek (a suspect in a crime), (2) to search (for something desired, needed), to look for

Volitional Form + と思っている

Expresses that you are thinking about doing something.

Verb Plain Polite Form ( » More Info)

留学生 (りゅうがくせい)

(n) overseas student, exchange student

アルバイト

(n, vs) part-time job, side job

見つける (みつける)

(v1, vt) (1) to discover, to find (e.g., an error in a book), to come across, to detect, (2) to locate, to find (e.g., something missing), to find fault

むずかしい

(adj) difficult

質問 (しつもん)

(n, vs) question, inquiry, enquiry

多い (おおい)

(adj) many, numerous

Adverbial Form ( » More Info)

なる

(v5r, vi) (1) to become, to get, to grow, to be, to reach, to attain, (2) to result in, to prove to be, (3) to consist of, to be composed of, (4) to succeed, to be complete, (5) to change into, to be exchanged for, (6) to play a role, (7) to be promoted (shogi)

Verb te-form + しまう ( » More Info)

1) Expresses the completion of an action.
2) Expresses regret for an unintended action.

Verb te-form ( » More Info)

申し訳ありません (もうしわけありません)

(exp) inexcusable

お

(pref) honourable, honorable

忙しい (いそがしい)

(adj) busy, irritated

思う (おもう)

(v5u, vt) to think, to feel

Verb Plain Polite Form ( » More Info)

どうぞ

(adv) (1) please, kindly, (2) by all means

よろしくお願いします (よろしくおねがいします)

(exp) please remember me, please help me, please treat me well, I look forward to working with you

マリア・エバンズ

(n) Maria Evans (a person's name)

モハメッド

(n) Mohammed (a person's name)

パク

(n) Pak, Park (a person's name)

パク

(n) Park (a person's name)


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